/*! tailwindcss v4.2.1 | MIT License | https://tailwindcss.com */
@layer theme{:root,:host{--font-sans:ui-sans-serif, system-ui, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji";--font-mono:ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace;--spacing:.25rem;--default-font-family:var(--font-sans);--default-mono-font-family:var(--font-mono)}}@layer base{*,:after,:before,::backdrop{box-sizing:border-box;border:0 solid;margin:0;padding:0}::file-selector-button{box-sizing:border-box;border:0 solid;margin:0;padding:0}html,:host{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;tab-size:4;line-height:1.5;font-family:var(--default-font-family,ui-sans-serif, system-ui, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji");font-feature-settings:var(--default-font-feature-settings,normal);font-variation-settings:var(--default-font-variation-settings,normal);-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}hr{height:0;color:inherit;border-top-width:1px}abbr:where([title]){-webkit-text-decoration:underline dotted;text-decoration:underline dotted}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit}a{color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit}b,strong{font-weight:bolder}code,kbd,samp,pre{font-family:var(--default-mono-font-family,ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace);font-feature-settings:var(--default-mono-font-feature-settings,normal);font-variation-settings:var(--default-mono-font-variation-settings,normal);font-size:1em}small{font-size:80%}sub,sup{vertical-align:baseline;font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative}sub{bottom:-.25em}sup{top:-.5em}table{text-indent:0;border-color:inherit;border-collapse:collapse}:-moz-focusring{outline:auto}progress{vertical-align:baseline}summary{display:list-item}ol,ul,menu{list-style:none}img,svg,video,canvas,audio,iframe,embed,object{vertical-align:middle;display:block}img,video{max-width:100%;height:auto}button,input,select,optgroup,textarea{font:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;font-variation-settings:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;color:inherit;opacity:1;background-color:#0000;border-radius:0}::file-selector-button{font:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;font-variation-settings:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;color:inherit;opacity:1;background-color:#0000;border-radius:0}:where(select:is([multiple],[size])) optgroup{font-weight:bolder}:where(select:is([multiple],[size])) optgroup option{padding-inline-start:20px}::file-selector-button{margin-inline-end:4px}::placeholder{opacity:1}@supports (not ((-webkit-appearance:-apple-pay-button))) or (contain-intrinsic-size:1px){::placeholder{color:currentColor}@supports (color:color-mix(in lab, red, red)){::placeholder{color:color-mix(in oklab, currentcolor 50%, transparent)}}}textarea{resize:vertical}::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-date-and-time-value{min-height:1lh;text-align:inherit}::-webkit-datetime-edit{display:inline-flex}::-webkit-datetime-edit-fields-wrapper{padding:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-year-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-month-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-day-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-hour-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-minute-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-second-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-millisecond-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-meridiem-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-calendar-picker-indicator{line-height:1}:-moz-ui-invalid{box-shadow:none}button,input:where([type=button],[type=reset],[type=submit]){appearance:button}::file-selector-button{appearance:button}::-webkit-inner-spin-button{height:auto}::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}[hidden]:where(:not([hidden=until-found])){display:none!important}}@layer components;@layer utilities{.invisible{visibility:hidden}.absolute{position:absolute}.relative{position:relative}.start{inset-inline-start:var(--spacing)}.table{display:table}.uppercase{text-transform:uppercase}}:root{--paper:#fff;--ink:#111;--muted:#5d5d5d;--line:#d8d8d8;--soft:#f4f4f2;--accent:#7b2942;--accent-soft:#f7f0f2;--max:1180px}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth}body{background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--font-geist-sans), Arial, sans-serif;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;margin:0}a{color:inherit;text-underline-offset:.25em;text-decoration-color:#888}a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--accent);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--accent);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--accent);text-decoration-color:var(--accent)}a:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:4px}main{width:min(var(--max), calc(100% - 80px));margin:0 auto}.site-header{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:40px;min-height:76px;display:flex}.site-id{white-space:nowrap;align-items:center;gap:14px;font-size:14px;font-weight:560;text-decoration:none;display:flex}.site-header nav{align-items:center;gap:26px;display:flex}.site-header nav a,.intro-links a,.footer-links a,.text-link,.doi-link{font-size:13px;font-weight:560;text-decoration:none}.mark{--mark-size:92px;width:calc(var(--mark-size) * 1.42);height:var(--mark-size);display:block;position:relative}.mark:before,.mark:after,.mark>span{content:"";width:var(--mark-size);height:var(--mark-size);border:max(1px, calc(var(--mark-size) * .018)) solid var(--ink);border-radius:50%;position:absolute}.mark:before{top:0;left:0}.mark:after{border-color:var(--accent);top:0;right:0}.mark>span{width:calc(var(--mark-size) * .12);height:calc(var(--mark-size) * .12);background:var(--accent);border:0;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%)}.mark>span:before,.mark>span:after{content:"";border:max(1px, calc(var(--mark-size) * .014)) solid var(--ink);border-radius:50%;position:absolute}.mark>span:before{width:calc(var(--mark-size) * .48);height:calc(var(--mark-size) * .48);left:calc(var(--mark-size) * -.46);top:calc(var(--mark-size) * -.55);border-color:var(--muted)}.mark>span:after{width:calc(var(--mark-size) * .22);height:calc(var(--mark-size) * .22);left:calc(var(--mark-size) * .05);top:calc(var(--mark-size) * .06);border-color:var(--accent)}.mark-compact{--mark-size:24px}.intro{grid-template-columns:180px minmax(0,720px);align-items:start;gap:80px;padding:118px 0 126px;display:grid}.intro-mark{padding-top:7px}.eyebrow,.section-number{color:var(--accent);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;margin:0;font-size:12px}h1{letter-spacing:-.045em;max-width:700px;margin:18px 0 0;font-size:clamp(38px,4.5vw,52px);font-weight:520;line-height:1}.profile-intro{grid-template-columns:180px minmax(0,1fr);gap:32px 80px;padding:64px 0 44px;display:grid}.profile-symbol{border-top:3px solid var(--accent);background:var(--accent-soft);align-self:start;width:180px;min-height:312px;padding:24px 15px 26px;animation:.7s ease-out both mark-in}.profile-symbol>.mark{margin:0 auto}.profile-photo{object-fit:cover;object-position:center 22%;width:148px;height:148px;box-shadow:0 0 0 6px var(--paper), 0 0 0 7px #7b29422e;border-radius:50%;margin:30px auto 0;display:block}.site-header nav .nav-active{color:var(--accent);text-underline-offset:7px;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:1px}.site-header nav a[href=\/contact]:after{content:"→";color:var(--accent);margin-left:5px;transition:transform .16s}.site-header nav a[href=\/contact]:hover:after{transform:translate(2px)}.profile-copy{animation:.65s ease-out 80ms both copy-in}.profile-copy .lead{color:#262626;max-width:860px;margin-top:25px;font-size:clamp(19px,1.6vw,22px);line-height:1.48}.profile-about{border-top:1px solid var(--line);max-width:910px;margin-top:20px;padding-top:17px}.profile-about p{color:#4f4f4f;margin:0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.46}.profile-about .profile-history{color:#3f3f3f}.profile-about p+p{margin-top:6px}.profile-copy .intro-links a{font-size:14px}.professional-line{border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1fr);max-width:820px;margin-top:28px;display:grid}.professional-line>div{padding:16px 20px 17px 0}.professional-line>div+div{border-left:1px solid var(--line);padding-left:20px}.professional-line span{color:var(--accent);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:7px;font-size:10px;display:block}.professional-line p{color:#333;margin:0;font-size:14px;font-weight:560}.professional-line a{text-decoration:none}.professional-line a:hover{text-underline-offset:3px;text-decoration:underline}.professional-line i{color:var(--accent);padding:0 7px;font-style:normal}.career-block{border-top:3px solid var(--accent);background:var(--accent-soft);grid-column:1/-1;margin-top:8px;padding:24px 26px 0}.career-block-heading{justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:20px;margin-bottom:12px;display:flex}.career-block-heading p{margin:0}.career-block-heading a{border:1px solid var(--accent);color:var(--accent);padding:9px 13px 10px;font-size:12px;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;transition:background-color .16s,color .16s}.career-block-heading a:hover{background:var(--accent);color:var(--paper)}.career-line{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);display:grid}.career-line span{min-height:76px;color:var(--muted);padding:16px 18px 16px 0;font-size:13px;line-height:1.55}.career-line span+span{border-left:1px solid var(--line);padding-left:18px}.career-line strong{color:var(--accent);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;margin-bottom:4px;font-size:12px;font-weight:500;display:block}.research-publications{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1fr);display:grid}.home-engagement{color:var(--paper);clip-path:inset(0 -100vmax);background:#28171c;grid-template-columns:280px minmax(0,1fr);gap:54px;padding:58px 0 62px;display:grid;box-shadow:0 0 0 100vmax #28171c}.home-engagement .eyebrow{color:#e2a9b9}.home-engagement-intro h2{letter-spacing:-.02em;max-width:230px;margin:11px 0 0;font-size:24px;font-weight:570;line-height:1.18}.home-engagement-intro>p:not(.eyebrow){color:#cfbec3;max-width:255px;margin:18px 0 0;font-size:14px;line-height:1.6}.home-engagement-intro>a{border-bottom:1px solid #ffffff8c;margin-top:24px;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;font-weight:570;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block}.home-engagement-links{border-top:1px solid #ffffff9e;border-left:1px solid #fff3;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.home-engagement-links a{border-bottom:1px solid #fff3;border-right:1px solid #fff3;flex-direction:column;min-width:0;min-height:210px;padding:22px 22px 24px;text-decoration:none;transition:background-color .16s,transform .16s;display:flex}.home-engagement-links a:hover{background:#ffffff0e;transform:translateY(-2px)}.home-engagement-links span,.home-engagement-links small{color:#d8a6b4;font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.045em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:11px;font-weight:450;line-height:1.45}.home-engagement-links strong{margin-top:24px;font-size:17px;font-weight:560;line-height:1.42;display:block}.home-engagement-links small{margin-top:auto;padding-top:20px}.latest-work{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);grid-template-columns:230px minmax(0,1fr);gap:30px;padding:48px 0 54px;display:grid}.latest-work-heading h2{letter-spacing:-.015em;margin:10px 0 0;font-size:19px;font-weight:580}.latest-work-list{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);border-left:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.latest-work-list article{border-right:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:44px minmax(0,1fr);gap:14px;min-height:184px;padding:22px 22px 24px;transition:background-color .16s,transform .16s;display:grid}.latest-work-list article:hover{background:var(--accent-soft);transform:translateY(-2px)}.latest-work-list h3{margin:0;font-size:17px;font-weight:570;line-height:1.4}.latest-work-list h3 a{text-decoration:none}.latest-work-list h3 a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.latest-work-list article div>p{color:var(--muted);margin:7px 0 0;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5}.latest-work-list article div>.selected-authors{color:var(--ink)}.home-panel{padding:68px 0 76px}.home-panel+.home-panel{border-left:1px solid var(--line);margin-left:42px;padding-left:42px}.research-constellation{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);border-left:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));margin-top:32px;display:grid}.research-node{border-right:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);min-height:186px;padding:24px 22px 22px;transition:transform .18s,background-color .18s;position:relative}.research-node:hover{z-index:1;background:var(--accent-soft);transform:translateY(-3px)}.research-node h3,.selected-publication h3{letter-spacing:-.012em;margin:28px 0 0;font-size:16px;font-weight:570;line-height:1.35}.research-node p,.selected-publication p:not(.publication-year){color:var(--muted);margin:8px 0 0;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55}.selected-publication-list{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);margin-top:32px}.selected-publication{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:48px minmax(0,1fr);gap:16px;padding:23px 30px 25px 0;display:grid;position:relative}.selected-publication:after{content:"↗";color:var(--muted);font-size:12px;transition:transform .16s,color .16s;position:absolute;top:24px;right:0}.selected-publication:hover:after{color:var(--ink);transform:translate(2px,-2px)}.selected-publication h3{margin-top:0}.selected-publication h3 a{text-decoration:none}.selected-publication h3 a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.selected-publication .selected-authors{color:var(--ink);font-size:13px;line-height:1.5}.selected-authors strong{font-weight:650}@keyframes mark-in{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY(8px)rotate(-4deg)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)rotate(0)}}@keyframes copy-in{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY(10px)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)}}.role{margin:18px 0 0;font-size:18px;line-height:1.45}.lead{color:#303030;letter-spacing:-.02em;max-width:650px;margin:30px 0 0;font-size:clamp(20px,2.1vw,27px);line-height:1.45}.intro-links{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:22px;margin-top:30px;display:flex}.intro-links a,.footer-links a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);padding-bottom:3px}.section{border-top:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:230px minmax(0,1fr);gap:30px;padding:82px 0 92px;display:grid}.section-heading h2{letter-spacing:-.015em;margin:10px 0 0;font-size:19px;font-weight:580}.research-list,.publication-list{border-top:1px solid var(--ink)}.research-item{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:54px minmax(0,1fr);gap:18px;padding:24px 0 26px;display:grid}.research-item>span,.publication-year{color:var(--muted);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;margin:3px 0 0;font-size:12px}.research-item h3,.publication h3{letter-spacing:-.012em;margin:0;font-size:18px;font-weight:570;line-height:1.35}.research-item p,.publication p,.teaching-copy p,.about-copy p{color:var(--muted);margin:8px 0 0;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7}.publication{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:62px minmax(0,1fr) 48px;align-items:start;gap:20px;padding:26px 0 28px;display:grid}.publication h3 a{text-decoration:none}.publication h3 a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.doi-link{color:var(--muted);padding-top:3px}.text-link{border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);margin-top:28px;padding-bottom:3px;display:inline-block}.publications-intro,.teaching-page-intro{max-width:800px;padding:100px 0 64px}.about-page-intro{grid-template-columns:230px minmax(0,760px);gap:30px;padding:92px 0 72px;display:grid}.about-page-portrait{min-height:250px;position:relative}.about-page-portrait>.mark{--mark-size:92px}.about-page-portrait img{object-fit:cover;object-position:center 22%;width:126px;height:126px;box-shadow:0 0 0 5px var(--accent-soft), 0 0 0 6px #7b294229;border-radius:50%;position:absolute;top:116px;left:18px}.about-page-lead .lead{max-width:710px;font-size:clamp(20px,1.75vw,23px);line-height:1.5}.about-prose{max-width:650px;color:var(--muted);margin:28px 0 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7}.about-professional-summary{border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));max-width:710px;margin-top:24px;display:grid}.about-professional-summary a{padding:15px 18px 16px 0;text-decoration:none;display:block}.about-professional-summary a+a{border-left:1px solid var(--line);padding-left:18px}.about-professional-summary span{color:var(--accent);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.055em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:11px;display:block}.about-professional-summary strong{margin-top:7px;font-size:14px;font-weight:570;line-height:1.45;display:block}.about-detail{border-top:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:230px minmax(0,1fr);gap:30px;padding:64px 0 76px;display:grid}.about-prose-group{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);max-width:720px}.about-prose-group p{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);color:#333;margin:0;padding:19px 0 21px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7}.appointment-list,.funded-list{border-top:1px solid var(--ink)}.appointment-list article{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:100px minmax(0,1fr);gap:22px;padding:21px 0 23px;display:grid}.appointment-years,.funded-list span{color:var(--muted);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.025em;text-transform:uppercase;margin:2px 0 0;font-size:13px}.appointment-list h3{margin:0;font-size:17px;font-weight:570}.appointment-list article div p{color:var(--muted);margin:6px 0 0;font-size:14px}.affiliation-list{border-top:1px solid var(--ink)}.affiliation-list>a,.service-list>a,.affiliation-group{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:150px minmax(0,1fr) 20px;align-items:start;gap:22px;padding:21px 0 23px;text-decoration:none;display:grid}.affiliation-list>a>span,.service-list>a>span,.affiliation-group>span{color:var(--muted);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.045em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-top:3px;font-size:12px}.affiliation-list h3{margin:0;font-size:17px;font-weight:570}.credentials-stack{min-width:0}.credential-group+.credential-group{margin-top:48px}.credential-kicker{color:var(--accent);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;margin:0 0 13px;font-size:12px}.service-list{border-top:1px solid var(--ink)}.service-list h3,.professional-registration h3{margin:0;font-size:17px;font-weight:570}.service-list p,.professional-registration p{color:var(--muted);margin:6px 0 0;font-size:14px;line-height:1.5}.service-list>a{text-decoration:none}.service-list>a>strong{font-size:14px;font-weight:450;transition:transform .16s}.service-list>a:hover>strong{transform:translate(3px,-3px)}.membership-list{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);border-left:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.membership-list a{border-right:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);min-height:154px;padding:22px 20px;text-decoration:none;transition:background-color .16s,transform .16s}.membership-list a:hover{background:var(--accent-soft);transform:translateY(-2px)}.membership-list strong,.membership-list span,.membership-list small{display:block}.membership-list strong{color:var(--accent);letter-spacing:-.025em;font-size:21px;font-weight:620}.membership-list span{margin-top:15px;font-size:13px;font-weight:560;line-height:1.4}.membership-list small{color:var(--muted);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.045em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px}.professional-registration{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:76px minmax(0,1fr) auto;align-items:center;gap:22px;padding:24px 0;text-decoration:none;display:grid}.registration-mark{border:1px solid var(--accent);width:64px;height:64px;color:var(--accent);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.06em;border-radius:50%;place-items:center;font-size:12px;font-weight:650;display:grid}.professional-registration>strong{color:var(--muted);font-size:12px;font-weight:560;transition:color .16s,transform .16s}.professional-registration:hover>strong{color:var(--accent);transform:translate(2px,-2px)}.affiliation-mark,.grant-source-mark{border:1px solid var(--accent);min-width:38px;height:26px;color:var(--accent);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.06em;place-items:center;padding:0 7px;font-size:10px;font-weight:650;line-height:1;display:inline-grid}.affiliation-mark{margin-bottom:13px}.affiliation-logo{align-items:center;width:118px;height:42px;margin-bottom:14px;display:flex}.affiliation-logo img{object-fit:contain;object-position:left center;max-width:100%;max-height:100%;display:block}.affiliation-logo-osa{background:var(--ink);width:148px;padding:8px 10px}.affiliation-logo-aip{width:76px;height:42px}.affiliation-logo-itrn{width:108px;height:48px}.affiliation-list p{color:var(--muted);margin:6px 0 0;font-size:14px}.affiliation-primary-link{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}.affiliation-related-link{border-top:1px solid var(--line);color:inherit;grid-template-columns:100px minmax(0,1fr) auto;align-items:baseline;gap:14px;margin-top:15px;padding-top:12px;text-decoration:none;display:grid}.affiliation-related-link span,.affiliation-related-link small{color:var(--muted);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.035em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:11px}.affiliation-related-link b{font-size:13px;font-weight:570}.affiliation-primary-link:hover,.affiliation-related-link:hover b{text-underline-offset:3px;text-decoration:underline}.affiliation-arrow{color:inherit;font-size:14px;font-weight:450;text-decoration:none;transition:transform .16s}.affiliation-list strong{font-size:14px;font-weight:450;transition:transform .16s}.affiliation-list>a:hover strong,.affiliation-group:hover .affiliation-arrow{transform:translate(3px,-3px)}.funded-intro{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);margin:0;padding:20px 0;font-size:15px}.funded-list article{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 190px;align-items:baseline;gap:24px;padding:19px 0 21px;display:grid}.funded-list article p{margin:0;font-size:15px;line-height:1.55}.funded-list span{text-align:right}.teaching-page-content{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);grid-template-columns:230px minmax(0,1fr);gap:30px;padding:64px 0 92px;display:grid}.course-list{border-top:1px solid var(--ink)}.course-list article{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;align-items:center;gap:24px;padding:23px 0 25px;display:grid}.course-list h3{margin:0;font-size:18px;font-weight:550;line-height:1.4}.course-list p{color:var(--muted);margin:7px 0 0;font-size:14px}.course-list small{color:var(--muted);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.03em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-top:8px;font-size:12px;display:block}.course-actions{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-end;gap:10px;display:flex}.course-actions a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);white-space:nowrap;padding:9px 0 3px;font-size:13px;font-weight:560;text-decoration:none;transition:transform .16s}.course-actions a:hover{color:var(--accent);transform:translate(3px)}.teaching-qualification{grid-template-columns:230px minmax(0,1fr);gap:30px;padding:0 0 72px;display:grid}.teaching-qualification-copy{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:24px 0 26px}.teaching-qualification-copy h3{margin:9px 0 0;font-size:19px;font-weight:570}.teaching-qualification-copy>p:last-child{max-width:680px;color:var(--muted);margin:8px 0 0;font-size:14px;line-height:1.6}.previous-teaching{grid-template-columns:230px minmax(0,1fr);gap:30px;padding:0 0 92px;display:grid}.previous-teaching .section-heading p{color:var(--muted);margin:14px 0 0;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55}.previous-teaching-list{border-top:1px solid var(--ink)}.previous-institution{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:27px 0 30px}.previous-institution header{justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:24px;display:flex}.previous-institution h3{margin:0;font-size:18px;font-weight:560}.previous-institution header>span{color:var(--muted);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;font-size:11px}.previous-institution li>span{color:var(--muted);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;font-size:12px}.previous-institution ul{margin:18px 0 0;padding:0;list-style:none}.previous-institution li{border-top:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(145px,220px);align-items:baseline;gap:24px;padding:14px 0;display:grid}.previous-institution li strong{font-size:14px;font-weight:550;line-height:1.45}.previous-institution li p{color:var(--muted);margin:5px 0 0;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5}.previous-institution li>span{text-align:right;line-height:1.55}.publications-intro .lead{max-width:720px}.publication-index{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);grid-template-columns:230px minmax(0,1fr);gap:30px;padding:24px 0 30px;display:grid}.publication-index-links{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px 24px;display:flex}.publication-index-links a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-bottom:3px;font-size:13px;font-weight:550;text-decoration:none}.publication-index-links a:hover{color:var(--accent);border-color:var(--accent)}.publication-group{border-top:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:230px minmax(0,1fr);gap:30px;padding:64px 0 76px;scroll-margin-top:24px;display:grid}.complete-publication-list{border-top:1px solid var(--ink)}.complete-publication{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:54px minmax(0,1fr) 48px;gap:18px;padding:20px 0 22px;display:grid}.complete-publication h3{margin:0;font-size:17px;font-weight:560;line-height:1.45}.complete-publication h3 a{text-decoration:none}.complete-publication h3 a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.complete-publication p:not(.publication-year){color:var(--muted);margin:6px 0 0;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55}.complete-publication .publication-authors{color:var(--ink);font-size:14px;line-height:1.5}.publication-authors strong{font-weight:650}.teaching-copy{max-width:690px}.teaching-copy>p{color:var(--ink);margin-top:0;font-size:18px}.teaching-copy ul{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);margin:30px 0 0;padding:0;list-style:none}.teaching-copy li{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:16px 0;font-size:14px}.about-copy{grid-template-columns:74px minmax(0,650px);align-items:start;gap:28px;display:grid}.about-copy img{object-fit:cover;object-position:center 22%;filter:grayscale();border-radius:50%;width:68px;height:68px}.about-copy p:first-child{color:var(--ink);margin-top:0}footer{min-height:220px;color:var(--paper);clip-path:inset(0 -100vmax);background:#28171c;border-top:0;justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-start;gap:40px;padding:66px 0;display:flex;position:relative;box-shadow:0 0 0 100vmax #28171c}footer .eyebrow{color:#e2a9b9}footer .intro-links a,footer .footer-links a{border-bottom-color:#ffffff8c}.email{letter-spacing:-.02em;margin-top:13px;font-size:clamp(16px,1.7vw,20px);font-weight:500;display:inline-block}.research-page-intro,.contact-page-intro,.path-page-intro,.grants-page-intro{max-width:820px;padding:100px 0 64px}.research-page-intro .lead,.contact-page-intro .lead,.path-page-intro .lead,.grants-page-intro .lead,.publications-intro .lead,.teaching-page-intro .lead{font-size:clamp(20px,1.9vw,24px);line-height:1.5}.path-map-shell{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.path-map-layout{background:#f7f7f4;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.55fr) minmax(300px,.75fr);display:grid}.path-world-panel,.path-europe-panel{min-width:0;position:relative}.path-europe-panel{border-left:1px solid var(--line)}.path-map-label{z-index:2;color:var(--accent);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.055em;text-transform:uppercase;margin:0;padding:14px 18px 0;font-size:11px;position:relative}.path-map{aspect-ratio:1280/649;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.path-map>img{object-fit:contain;opacity:.62;filter:grayscale()contrast(1.15)brightness(.96);width:calc(100% - 24px);height:calc(100% - 28px);position:absolute;inset:18px 12px 10px}.path-europe-map{background-image:url(/world-map-robinson.png);background-position:49% 18%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:860px;min-height:100%;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.map-place{width:10px;height:10px;position:absolute}.map-place>span{background:var(--accent);border:2px solid var(--paper);width:9px;height:9px;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--accent);border-radius:50%;display:block}.map-place>div{border-left:1px solid var(--ink);background:#fffffff0;min-width:max-content;padding:6px 8px;position:absolute}.map-place strong{font-size:12px;font-weight:620;display:block}.map-place small{color:var(--muted);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;margin-top:3px;font-size:9px;display:block}.san-diego{top:36%;left:17%}.san-diego>div{top:10px;left:15px}.europe-hub{top:23%;left:49.4%}.europe-hub>div{top:-14px;left:15px}.europe-surrey{top:18%;left:43%}.europe-surrey>div{border-right:1px solid var(--ink);text-align:right;border-left:0;bottom:10px;right:15px}.europe-milan-pavia{top:34%;left:60%}.europe-milan-pavia>div{top:-14px;left:15px}.europe-messina{top:48%;left:64%}.europe-messina>div{top:10px;left:15px}.map-credit{color:var(--muted);text-align:right;margin:0;padding:10px 0 12px;font-size:10px}.path-places{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.35fr) minmax(280px,.85fr);gap:12px;padding:12px 0 0;display:grid}.path-place{background:var(--ink);min-height:380px;margin:0;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.path-place img{object-fit:cover;filter:saturate(.82)contrast(.96);width:100%;height:100%;transition:filter .22s,transform .32s}.path-place:nth-child(2) img{object-position:center 54%}.path-place:hover img{filter:saturate()contrast();transform:scale(1.018)}.path-place:after{content:"";pointer-events:none;background:linear-gradient(#0000,#000000c2);height:46%;position:absolute;inset:auto 0 0}.path-place figcaption{z-index:1;color:#fff;position:absolute;bottom:18px;left:20px;right:20px}.path-place figcaption span{font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.06em;margin-bottom:4px;font-size:10px;display:block}.path-place figcaption strong{font-size:18px;font-weight:570}.path-photo-credits{color:var(--muted);margin:10px 0 0;font-size:11px;line-height:1.55}.path-timeline{grid-template-columns:230px minmax(0,1fr);gap:30px;padding:72px 0 92px;display:grid}.path-timeline-list{border-top:1px solid var(--ink)}.path-timeline-list article{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:92px 14px minmax(0,1fr);gap:18px;padding:22px 0;display:grid}.path-timeline-list article>p{color:var(--accent);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;margin:2px 0 0;font-size:12px}.path-timeline-list article>span{border:1px solid var(--accent);border-radius:50%;width:9px;height:9px;margin-top:4px;position:relative}.path-timeline-list article>span:after{content:"";background:var(--line);width:1px;height:64px;position:absolute;top:9px;left:3px}.path-timeline-list article:last-child>span:after{display:none}.path-timeline-list h3{margin:0;font-size:17px;font-weight:570}.path-timeline-list div p{color:var(--muted);margin:6px 0 0;font-size:14px}.section-note{max-width:190px;color:var(--muted);margin:14px 0 0;font-size:13px;line-height:1.55}.engagement-list{border-top:1px solid var(--ink)}.engagement-groups{gap:46px;display:grid}.engagement-group>.credential-kicker{margin-bottom:12px}.engagement-list>a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:130px minmax(0,1fr) 20px;align-items:start;gap:22px;padding:19px 0 21px;text-decoration:none;display:grid}.engagement-list>a>div:first-child span,.engagement-list>a>div:first-child small{font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;display:block}.engagement-list>a>div:first-child span{color:var(--accent);font-size:12px}.engagement-list>a>div:first-child small{color:var(--muted);letter-spacing:.045em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-top:5px;font-size:12px}.engagement-list h3{margin:0;font-size:17px;font-weight:570;line-height:1.4}.engagement-list p{color:var(--muted);margin:5px 0 0;font-size:14px}.engagement-list>a>strong{color:var(--muted);font-size:12px;font-weight:450;transition:transform .16s}.engagement-list>a:hover>strong{transform:translate(2px,-2px)}.grant-list{padding-bottom:92px}.grant-summary{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);padding:24px 0 27px}.grant-summary strong{color:var(--ink);font-weight:650}.grant-summary>p{color:#303030;max-width:970px;margin:0;font-size:18px;line-height:1.55}.grant-summary>small{color:var(--muted);margin-top:8px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;display:block}.grant-list article{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:170px minmax(0,1fr);gap:60px;padding:30px 0 34px;display:grid}.grant-years{color:var(--accent);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;margin:2px 0 0;font-size:13px}.grant-aside{align-items:center;gap:14px;display:flex}.grant-source-mark{flex:none}.grant-list article .eyebrow{margin:0}.grant-list h2{max-width:760px;margin:12px 0 0;font-size:20px;font-weight:570;line-height:1.45}.grant-role{color:var(--muted);margin:12px 0 0;font-size:15px}.grant-funding{color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.02em;margin:8px 0 0;font-size:14px;line-height:1.45}.research-page-content{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);border-left:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.research-page-content article{border-right:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);min-height:230px;padding:30px;position:relative}.research-glyph{width:38px;height:34px;display:block;position:relative}.research-glyph:before,.research-glyph:after{content:"";box-sizing:border-box;position:absolute}.research-glyph-social:before,.research-glyph-social:after{border:1px solid var(--ink);border-radius:50%;width:27px;height:27px;top:4px}.research-glyph-social:before{left:0}.research-glyph-social:after{border-color:var(--accent);right:0}.research-glyph-morality:before{border:1px solid var(--ink);border-radius:50%;width:28px;height:28px;inset:3px auto auto 3px}.research-glyph-morality:after{background:var(--accent);border-radius:50%;width:10px;height:10px;top:3px;left:23px}.research-glyph-identities{background:radial-gradient(circle at 13px 12px, transparent 0 8px, var(--ink) 8px 9px, transparent 9px), radial-gradient(circle at 25px 12px, transparent 0 8px, var(--accent) 8px 9px, transparent 9px), radial-gradient(circle at 19px 23px, transparent 0 8px, var(--ink) 8px 9px, transparent 9px)}.research-glyph-reasoning:before{border-left:1px solid var(--ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);width:27px;height:27px;top:2px;left:3px;transform:rotate(-45deg)}.research-glyph-reasoning:after{background:var(--accent);border-radius:50%;width:9px;height:9px;top:2px;right:0}.research-page-content h2{margin:30px 0 0;font-size:21px;font-weight:570}.research-page-content p{max-width:470px;color:var(--muted);margin:10px 0 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.58}.research-page-content article>div{flex-direction:column;min-height:330px;display:flex}.research-evidence{margin-top:auto;padding-top:24px}.research-evidence>p{color:var(--accent);font-family:var(--font-geist-mono), monospace;letter-spacing:.05em;text-transform:uppercase;margin:0 0 8px;font-size:13px}.research-evidence ul{border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.research-evidence li{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.research-evidence li a{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:14px;min-height:42px;padding:8px 0;font-size:15px;line-height:1.35;text-decoration:none;display:flex}.research-evidence li a span{color:var(--muted);font-size:11px;transition:transform .16s}.research-evidence li a:hover span{transform:translate(2px,-2px)}.research-grant-link{color:var(--accent);margin-top:14px;font-size:14px;font-weight:580;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block}.research-grant-link:hover{text-decoration:underline}.contact-page-content{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);grid-template-columns:230px minmax(0,1fr);gap:30px;padding:64px 0 92px;display:grid}.contact-links{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);max-width:720px}.contact-email{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:20px 0 22px;font-size:clamp(16px,1.6vw,20px);font-weight:500;text-decoration:none;display:block}.contact-name,.contact-affiliation{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);margin:0}.contact-name{padding:20px 0 22px;font-size:18px;font-weight:570}.contact-affiliation{color:var(--muted);padding:18px 0 20px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6}.contact-address{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);justify-content:space-between;align-items:end;gap:24px;padding:18px 0 20px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6;text-decoration:none;display:flex}.contact-address strong{white-space:nowrap;font-size:12px;font-weight:560}.contact-profile-links{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:22px;padding-top:24px;display:flex}.contact-profile-links a{font-size:13px;font-weight:560;text-decoration:none}.footer-links{gap:22px;padding-top:25px;display:flex}@media (width<=820px){main{width:min(100% - 40px, var(--max))}.site-header{padding:18px 0}.site-header nav{flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-end;gap:10px 18px}.intro{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:44px;padding:82px 0 92px}.profile-intro{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:38px;padding-top:74px}.profile-symbol{order:2}.profile-copy{order:1}.career-block{order:3;grid-column:1}.career-line{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}.career-line span:nth-child(3){border-left:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-left:0}.career-line span:nth-child(4){border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.research-publications{grid-template-columns:1fr}.home-engagement{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:30px}.latest-work,.teaching-qualification{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:28px}.home-panel+.home-panel{border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-left:0;margin-left:0;padding-left:0}.intro-mark{order:2}.section{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:36px;padding:68px 0 74px}.publication-group{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:32px}.publication-index{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}.teaching-page-content,.previous-teaching,.contact-page-content,.path-timeline{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:32px}.grant-list article{grid-template-columns:130px minmax(0,1fr);gap:28px}.about-page-intro,.about-detail{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:36px}.about-page-portrait{min-height:230px}}@media (width<=520px){body{overflow-x:hidden}main{width:calc(100vw - 28px);max-width:var(--max)}.site-header{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:10px;padding:14px 0 16px}.site-header nav{flex:none;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));gap:4px 8px;width:100%;display:grid}.site-header nav a{justify-content:center;align-items:center;min-height:44px;font-size:12px;display:inline-flex}.footer-links{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px 20px}.site-id>span:last-child{font-size:13px;display:inline}.profile-intro{gap:30px;padding-top:48px}.profile-copy .lead{margin-top:24px;font-size:19px}.publications-intro,.teaching-page-intro,.research-page-intro,.contact-page-intro,.path-page-intro,.grants-page-intro{padding:54px 0 46px}.about-page-intro{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:26px;padding:48px 0 52px}.about-page-lead,.about-detail>*,.credentials-stack,.appointment-list article>div,.affiliation-list div,.service-list div,.engagement-list div,.complete-publication>div{min-width:0}.about-page-lead p,.about-detail p,.affiliation-list h3,.service-list h3,.engagement-list h3,.complete-publication h3{overflow-wrap:anywhere}.about-page-portrait{align-items:center;gap:28px;min-height:0;padding:8px 0 2px;display:flex}.about-page-portrait>.mark{--mark-size:76px}.about-page-portrait img{width:108px;height:108px;position:static}.about-professional-summary{grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%}.about-professional-summary a{padding:14px 0}.about-professional-summary a+a{border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-left:0;padding-left:0}.intro{padding-top:66px}.lead{font-size:21px}.profile-about{max-width:none}.profile-about .profile-history{padding-bottom:0}.career-line{grid-template-columns:1fr}.career-block-heading{align-items:flex-start}.grant-list article{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:10px}.affiliation-list>a,.service-list>a,.affiliation-group{grid-template-columns:1fr 20px;gap:10px 18px}.affiliation-list>a>span,.service-list>a>span,.affiliation-group>span{grid-column:1/-1}.affiliation-related-link{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:4px}.career-line span+span,.career-line span:nth-child(3){border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-left:0;padding-left:0}.research-constellation,.latest-work-list{grid-template-columns:1fr}.home-engagement{padding:48px 0 52px}.home-engagement-intro h2,.home-engagement-intro>p:not(.eyebrow){max-width:none}.home-engagement-links{grid-template-columns:1fr}.home-engagement-links a,.latest-work-list article{min-height:0}.profile-photo{width:116px;height:116px}.profile-symbol{order:1;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;gap:20px;width:100%;min-height:0;padding:18px 20px;display:flex}.profile-symbol .profile-photo{margin-top:0}.profile-copy{order:2}.career-block{order:3;padding-left:18px;padding-right:18px}.professional-line{grid-template-columns:1fr}.professional-line>div{padding-right:0}.professional-line>div+div{border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-left:0;padding-left:0}.membership-list{grid-template-columns:1fr}.membership-list a{min-height:0}.professional-registration{grid-template-columns:62px minmax(0,1fr);gap:16px}.registration-mark{width:54px;height:54px}.professional-registration>strong{grid-column:2}.path-places{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:10px;padding-bottom:0;display:grid;overflow:visible}.path-place{min-height:250px}.path-place:nth-child(2){min-height:310px}.path-map-shell{overflow-x:visible}.path-map-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr}.path-europe-panel{border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-left:0}.path-map{aspect-ratio:1280/649;width:100%;height:auto}.path-map>img{object-fit:contain}.path-europe-map{background-position:49% 13%;background-size:760px;min-height:300px}.map-credit{text-align:left;min-width:0;font-size:9px}.map-place strong{font-size:11px}.map-place small{font-size:8px}.san-diego{top:36%;left:17%}.europe-hub{top:22%;left:49%}.europe-surrey{top:22%;left:43%}.europe-milan-pavia{top:40%;left:60%}.europe-messina{top:53%;left:64%}.europe-messina>div{top:10px;left:14px}.course-list article{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:16px}.course-actions{align-items:flex-start}.previous-institution header{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:7px}.previous-institution li{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:7px}.previous-institution li>span{text-align:left}.contact-address{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:10px}.research-page-content{grid-template-columns:1fr}.research-page-content article>div{min-height:0}.engagement-list>a{grid-template-columns:82px minmax(0,1fr) 14px;gap:14px}.funded-list article{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:9px}.funded-list span{text-align:left}.publication{grid-template-columns:44px minmax(0,1fr);gap:14px}.complete-publication{grid-template-columns:42px minmax(0,1fr);gap:12px}.complete-publication .doi-link,.doi-link{grid-column:2}.about-copy{grid-template-columns:1fr}footer{flex-direction:column}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}.profile-symbol,.profile-copy{animation:none}.research-node,.selected-publication:after,.course-list article>a,.career-block-heading a,.affiliation-list strong{transition:none}}